Plagiarism in submitted manuscripts: incidence, characteristics and optimization of screening—case study in a major specialty medical journal

Table 4 Plagiarism in USA, Spain, and China manuscripts before and after implementation of Chinese language instructions for authors

		Before implementation of Chinese language IFA		After implementation of Chinese language IFA
		No plagiarism	Plagiarism	No plagiarism	Plagiarism
Manuscripts country of origin	China	30 (14.3 %)	23 (59.0 %)	18 (11.1 %)	13 (52.0 %)
	Spain	11 (5.2 %)	6 (15.4 %)	12 (7.4 %)	2 (8.0 %)
	United States	169 (80.5 %)	10 (25.6 %)	132 (81.5 %)	10 (40.0 %)
	Total	210	39	162	25

This table shows the column percentages of plagiarism in three countries before and after the implementation of Chinese language instructions to authors (IFA). There was no significant reduction in plagiarism, detected by manual curation, in any of the three countries analyzed (chi-square test, p = 0.821)

ISSN: 2058-8615