Table 4 Ranking of research misconduct items: fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism
Item | Frequency Mean score (rank number) | Impact on truth Mean score (rank number) | Frequency × truth Mean score (rank number) |
|---|---|---|---|
Fabricate data | 1.88 (59) | 4.63 (1) | 8.82 (34) |
Selectively delete data, modify data, or add fabricated data after performing initial data-analyses (F) | 2.22 (50) | 4.37 (2) | 9.68 (24) |
Delete data before performing data analysis without disclosure (F) | 2.48 (45) | 4.02 (6) | 10.10 (19) |
Duplicate publication without disclosure (P) | 2.74 (36) | 2.65 (49) | 7.08 (48) |
Re-use of previously published data without disclosure (P) | 2.78 (29) | 2.91 (46) | 8.56 (36) |
Use unpublished phrases or ideas of others without their permission (P) | 2.92 (21) | 2.96 (41) | 8.84 (33) |
Re-use parts of your own publications without referencing (P) | 3.04 (15) | 2.37 (55) | 7.20 (46) |
Use published phrases or ideas of others without referencing (P) | 3.11 (12) | 2.94 (43) | 9.55 (26) |