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Table 3 Factors associated with publication of interventional trials

From: Publication and non-publication of clinical trials in PTSD: an overview

Variable

Published

Not published

Test statistic

p value

Randomised, n (%)

252 (90)

74 (78)

χ2(1) = 9.15

< 0.002*

Blinding

  

χ2(2) = 5.51

0.064

 Double blind

78 (31)

25 (28)

  

 Single blind

86 (34)

22 (24)

  

 Open label

88 (35)

44 (48)

  

Intervention type, n (%)

  

χ2(3) = 11.45

0.010*

 Drug

52 (19)

33 (33)

  

 Behavioural

191 (68)

56 (57)

  

 Drug and behavioural

22 (8)

3 (3)

  

 Procedure/device (e.g. TMS)

16 (6)

7 (7)

  

Any control condition used, n (%) (e.g. waitlist, TAU)

255 (91)

84 (85)

χ2(1) = 2.65

0.104

Placebo used

68 (24)

27 (27)

χ2(1) = 0.369

0.544

Comparator used

94 (34)

33 (33)

χ2(1) = 0.00

0.983

Number of study arms, n (%)

  

χ2(2) = 5.35

0.069

 One

24 (9)

16 (16)

  

 Two

213 (76)

65 (66)

  

 Three to six

44 (16)

18 (18)

  

Status of the main sponsor, n (%)

  

χ2(4) = 9.3

0.055

 University

128 (46)

36 (36)

  

 Hospital

59 (21)

17 (17)

  

 Governmental organisation

57 (20)

33 (33)

  

 Non-commercial (e.g. NGO)

34 (12)

10 (10)

  

 Pharmaceutical/industry

3 (1)

3 (3)

  

Any secondary sponsor listed, n (%)

148 (53)

45 (46)

χ2(1) = 1.53

0.217

Any sponsor university

141 (50)

42 (42)

χ2(1) = 1.76

0.184

Any sponsor hospital

71 (25)

182 (18)

χ2(1) = 2.049

0.152

Any sponsor governmental organisation

146 (52)

54 (55)

χ2(1) = 0.20

0.657

Any sponsor non-commercial

53 (19)

14 (14)

χ2(1) = 1.12

0.289

Any sponsor pharmaceutical/industry

15 (5)

14 (14)

χ2(1) = 8.048

0.005*

Contact email provided, n (%)

137 (49)

35 (35)

χ2(1) = 5.31

0.021*

Are the results related to PTSD, n (%)

269 (97)

29 (97)

χ2(1) = 0.00

0.978

PTSD-related outcome/s, n (%)

  

χ2(3) = 4.75

0.191

 Primary

145 (54)

15 (54)

  

 Secondary

47 (18)

4 (14)

  

 Both primary and secondary

52 (19)

3 (11)

  

 Other (e.g. covariate or condition studied)

25 (9)

6 (21)

  

Primary outcome measure/s, n (%)

  

χ2(2) = 5.64

0.060

 Positive

156 (59)

9 (56)

  

 Null

60 (23)

7 (44)

  

 Mixed

47 (18)

0 (0)

  

Secondary outcome measure/s, n (%)

  

χ2(2) = 1. 65

0.439

 Positive

109 (44)

2 (25)

  

 Null

52 (21)

3 (38)

  

 Mixed

89 (36)

3 (38)

  

Study registered before started, n (%)

92 (33)

35 (35)

χ2(1) = 1.17

0.683

Study registered before completed, n (%)

207 (78)

84 (86)

χ2(1) = 2.42

0.120

  1. *p < 0.05