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Table 1 Meta-analysis results

From: Gender differences in peer reviewed grant applications, awards, and amounts: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    

Subgroup Comparison Effect Sizes

(95% CI)

Pooled Effect Size (95% CI)

Qa, I2

LFK Indexb

US

Non-US

Award acceptance rates

-1% (-3,1)

213, 84%

-2.85

-1% (-3,2)

-2% (-3,-1)

Reapplication award acceptance rates

-9% (-18,-1)

16, 63%

-0.44

N/A

N/A

Award amounts

-2.28 (-4.92, 0.36)

119,417, 100%

0.67

-5.11 (-11.63, 1.41)

-.24 (-.31,-.17)

Proportions of applications

30% (22,38)

17,060, 100%

2.87

30% (19,40)

31% (26,36)

Proportions of reapplications

31% (24,37)

195, 95%

3.37

N/A

N/A

Proportions of awards

24% (14,34)

15,711, 100%

7.07

23% (11,36)

29% (24,34)

Proportions of awards after reapplication

30% (19,42)

117, 92%

2.82

N/A

N/A

  1. aAll Q statistics were significant p < .01; decimals were omitted for space considerations. bLKF indices < -1.0 or > 1.0 reflect reporting bias. Note: Negative award acceptance rates and amounts reflect higher values for men than women